All You Need To Know About Solvent Dye

Solvent dye, which is also popularly known by the name of oil dye, is the type of dye that is generally soluble in an organic solvent. While most dyes exhibit the property of ionization, a solvent dye generally does not ionize. These dyes color by getting dissolved in the targeted material, which is generally a lipid or a non-polar solvent. The naming pattern of solvent dyes has the word solvent followed by the name of the base color and a unique number. The classification helps in specifically identifying the dyes through the name of the stated color and its primary mechanism of staining.


A solvent dye is generally introduced in the form of a solution that is dissolved in an organic solvent. A large number of solvent dyes are basically azo dyes, which have been molecularly re-arranged to get rid of their ionizing capability. The molecular re-arrangement also enables these dyes to become soluble in non-polar solutions such as triglycerides. Some other common solvents for solvent dyes include alcohols, ethers, ketones, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, oils, fats, waxes and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Although, being soluble in an organic solvent is a basic physical characteristic of a solvent dye, there are some important applications, where the dyes need to be applied directly instead of first dissolving them in a solvent.


The fact that solvent dyes are soluble in non-polar mediums lends them a versatility that makes them perfect for use in a wide range of applications. They are used in industries on a large scale for foil printing, printing inks, marking pens, ball point pens, candles and other waxes, polishes, leathers, wood stains, acrylic resins, varnishes and shellacs. They are even used to signal smoke and have a diverse usage in the pyrotechnics industry. Additionally, these dyes are also widely used in the automotive industry for coloring lubricants as well as in the industrial cutting sector.


However, the most common and widespread use of solvent dyes is in the plastic industry where they are use to impart color to a wide range of solid materials that include acetates, nylon, polyester, acrylics, PVC, PMMA, PETP, polystyrene and styrene monomers. They are also used as integral components in the manufacturing of biological stains used to distinguish distinct cell structure components that play a vital role in medical diagnosis and scientific research.

Learning Some Important Facts About Vat Dye

When it comes to choosing a dye for industrial that provides not only high quality color fastness but also great resistance to weathering and light, a Vat dye is an obvious choice. Generally, Vat dyes exhibit qualities of a speedy effect and a good degree of exhaustion besides which they diffusion within the fiber at a very slow pace. These dyes have a fairly equal particle size when produced commercially as a large particle size results in poor stability besides causing a reduced color yield in some dyes.


Vat dyes are divided into four main categories depending on the temperature, and the quantity of caustic soda hydrosulfite and salt used for dyeing. The first category is the IN dyes which require high temperature as well as large quantities of caustic soda and hydrosulfite. The IW dyes form the second category and they require medium temperature and medium quantity of caustic soda and hydrosulfite plus salt. The next category is of IK dyes which require low temperature and a small amount of caustic soda and hydrosulfite plus salt. The fourth category is of IN Special dyes which require a greater amount of caustic soda and higher temperature than IN dyes.


A number of methods for using Vat dyes have been designed and used. Various factors determine the rate of reduction of Vat dyes, including temperature, time and pH as well as the concentration of the reducing agent. The most common type of reducing agent used for coloring with Vat dyes is sodium hydrosulphite, which is also known by the name of hydros. It is important to understand that only a part of hydros is actually used up in the reduction of Vat dyes while, a major percentage of the compound is destroyed by its reaction with atmospheric oxygen.


The coloring of cellulosic fibers using a dye is completed in various stages. In the first stage the insoluble vat pigment is converted into soluble sodium leuco-vat anions, which in turn is diffused into the cellulosic fibers. The next stage involves the remomal of all the alkalis and reducing agents from the fiber by washing them off. In the next stage, the soluble dye contained within the colored fiber is converted back into insoluble pigments through oxidation. The final stage is the soaping of the fiber which helps in re-orientating and associating the isolated vat pigment molecules to create a more crystalline form.

Step by Step Epoxy Application for Outstanding Results

Often referred as a magical potion, Epoxy is extensively used in industry and commercial settings for its durability, versatility, superior performance. Fantastic looks and resistance to the chemicals that epoxy coating offers make it a very widely used product.


However, preparation prior to actually using the paint is the secret to a great paint job. You not only have to choose the right product but also prepare the surface where the coating is to be applied in order to get outstanding results. Since epoxy paints are formulated keeping in view the particular task, it’s a good idea to take a stock of expected use of the surface and environmental factors before applying the paint. Selecting the right paint would go a long way in increasing the durability of the finished coating.


Preparing the surface is the next important step once the paint has been selected which is done by blasting. For floors, shot blasting is used and for structures, mostly sand blasting. It not only removes stains or remains of any old paint that may interfere with adhesion of the new application of epoxy but also cause a profile.


The epoxy begins to cure the moment base and curing agent is mixed so paints are mixed in a set proportion right at the job site and then you have a very limited amount of time to apply the mixture on the surface.
Just like other paints, epoxy also has optimum film thickness which can only be achieved when right amount of mixture is applied to the surface. Only an expert can brush, roll or trowel the coating into place so that it is neither too thick nor too thin.


You would need epoxy application with several coats for its finish to be durable. Between coats, epoxy is left to cure for a fixed amount of time and next coat has to be applied at the right time when the previous coat has reached the most favorable condition. If left for too long, the new coat won’t settle into the previous layer. Alternatively, if left for too less a time the new coat would interfere with the previous layer's curing process.

Once epoxy application is complete and final coat is laid, it is left for curing which may take several days. Final curing makes epoxy coating a strong and lasting shield which not only saves the underlying surfaces from any harm but also makes it more attractive.

All You Need To Know About Basic Dye

When people think about dyes, the image that comes to their minds is generally of colored aromatic compounds having the ability to ionize, making them capable of interacting with tissue components that are oppositely charged. Dyes are generally classified as basic dye and acidic dye depending on the type of charge they possess. Acidic dyes are negatively charged dyes that can interact with positively charged tissue components, while basic dyes are positively charged and can bind themselves with negatively charged tissue constituents.


The naming scheme of basic dyes follows a specific pattern in which the word “Basic” is followed by the name of the base color and a unique number. For example, Basic Red 9 and Basic Green 4 are the names of some basic dyes. The names of the basic dyes just provide the functional and color information about the dye and do not convey any information related to the chemical properties of the dye. It is also important to understand that dyes having unique names but similar numbers are not related in any manner. For example, it is wrong to assume that basic Brown 4 and basic Violet 4 are related in any manner.


The colored part of a basic dye exhibits a positive charge, when the dye is dissolved in water. They are generally very bright and washfast hence are largely used to dye acrylic fibers. However, they are not sufficiently washfast to prove as good dying agents for protein fibers such as wool. Moreover, in order to make them bind with cotton fiber, the fiber first needs to be mordanted as otherwise the dye tends to fade quickly when exposed to sunlight. The natural tannin content of reeds, raffia, grasses and barks acts as a mordant making it possible to use basic dyes efficiently with these materials.


Like most other dyes, basic dyes are also toxic in nature and need to be handled with extreme care. It is vital to follow all the safety precautions and obtain the MSDS information before purchasing any type of basic dye. Although most companies supplying basic dyes readily provide the MSDS information, it is advisable not to purchase these dyes from those few companies that are not willing to give this information as it can prove extremely hazardous to the health and safety of the buyers. It is also advisable to buy these dyes in liquid or paste form, whenever possible.


Royce is a fully diversified international company which was founded in 1929 to manufacture chemicals for textile industry. Today more than 80 years later, they have a resounding presence across the world and offer solution to diverse needs of chemicals to their customers which also include basic dye. For detailed information, logon to http://www.royceintl.com

Learning About The Various Uses of Sodium Nitrite

For decades sodium nitrite has been put to use in various industries such as food processing and textile, glass and even pharmaceutical. This chemical, which is white or slightly yellowish crystalline powder in its pure form, is water soluble and gets oxidized into sodium nitrate with the help of atmospheric oxygen. The immense popularity of sodium nitrite as an industrial compound is mainly due to its great oxidizing properties as well as its ability to release nitrous acid in acidic solutions. Given below are some of the common industrial uses of this compound.


As a Food Additive
Over the years, sodium Nitrite has been invariably used by the processed food industry for preserving a variety of foods, especially fish and meat. The chemical not only helps in changing the color of the preserved fish and meat but also prevents the growth of many harmful bacteria. However, in the recent years, questions have been raised about the safety of this chemical as a food additive, mainly because of the toxic nature of the compound and if consumed in large amounts, it can prove fatal not only for animals, but humans as well.


In The Manufacture Of Dyes and Rubber Chemicals
Sodium nitrite is one of the most vital ingredients used for manufacturing rubber processing chemicals such as accelerators, retarders, anti-oxidants, and anti-ozonants. The chemical is also an integral part of the manufacturing process of azo dyes, mainly due to the fact that it is a convenient source of nitrous acid. Nitrous acid plays an important role in the nitrosation and diatozation of aromatic amines, which results in the production of the intermediate diamine salts. These salts then combine with amines, phenols, naphthols, and other compounds to form the azo dyes.


As A Corrosion Inhibitor
Sodium nitrite helps in preventing the corrosion of ferrous metals as it forms a firmly held layer of oxide over these metals. This prevents the dissolution of metal at the anodic areas. While it can prevent the corrosion of steel on its own, the compound may be used in combination with some other synergistic additives to ensure total protection against corrosion in case of mixed metal systems containing some percentage of various metals such as copper, brass, or aluminum. In the recent years the reduction in the use of carcinogenic hexavalent chromium-based corrosion inhibitors has also lead to an increased interest in the use of sodium nitrite as a corrosion inhibitor.

Are Epoxy Resins Flooring Really As Expensive As They Are Made Out To Be

Most people stick to conventional material and designs as suggested by their architect when constructing a house. They tend to appreciate contemporary building material like epoxy resins flooring but, assuming that it is way too expensive, doesn’t get it for their homes. You can partly blame the dazzling looks and durability of such flooring for this misconception. But I suspect the bigger culprit is the ignorance about this relatively new flooring option and those individuals or companies who stand to profit from perpetuating this fallacy.

Epoxy flooring is not just resistant to mechanical shocks and scratching but also to all kind of household chemicals as well. Strong and durable, these floors are easy to clean and maintain. Since the characteristics of epoxy resin systems can be changed to suit the specific needs of the user, their advantages are not redistricted to their attractive looks. In fact, a good manufacturer can easily provide epoxy flooring for domestic areas as easily as commercial or industrial usage which would last for years despite high traffic and dogged cleaning routine.


Epoxy Terrazzo flooring can match the best marble and granite flooring in looks and yet comes at a fraction of its price. If you need flooring for a large area, Terrazzo flooring can get you the same fabulous looking floor at much less. If done correctly with high quality epoxy resins, these floors can last for more than 50 years.


Even those places where looks are not the prime issue such as garages, basements, laundry rooms, store rooms etc. epoxy flooring offers the best options. People usually ignore those spaces as they remain hidden from visitors. These are not the places where they want to spend much money also but what they don’t realise is the fact that these places are not only high traffic areas but also their floors take maximum battering. The flooring of these areas especially garage and footpath around pool get damaged before any other area of the house because people usually choose cheapest flooring options that “doesn’t look too bad” for these spaces. However, getting new floor covering for these areas after a few years only may be an expensive option.


Epoxy floor covering not only offers some great designs but also strong and durable flooring option for all such places. What’s more, this floor covering can be laid on existing old floors which save both time and money. Now, do you still think that epoxy resins floor covering is expensive?


Royce is a fully diversified international company which was founded in 1929 to manufacture chemicals for textile industry. Today more than 80 years later, they have a resounding presence across the world and offer solution to diverse needs of chemicals to their customers which also include epoxy resin.

Get Hooked To The Idea Of Epoxy Resin Bar Tops And Table Tops

During a recent visit to a nightclub, I was mesmerized by the sight of the shiny, clear and yet extremely strong bar top and table tops, which gave a fresh look to the interior of the place. Most nightclubs are furnished with the regular wooden of Formica bar tops and table tops making their interiors seemingly just a copy of each. However, with the increasing popularity of epoxy resin to create a wide range of innovative bar tops and table tops, most nightclub owners are considering the idea of renovating their interiors to provide a unique look to their places.


Among the various advantages the offered by epoxy resin bar tops and table tops the most appealing is perhaps the fact that they can be custom designed according to individual preferences. People can design a clear top or place items such as coins, cards, beads, or even small souvenirs inside them. Additionally they can add a trace of color or shade matching with the overall theme of their interiors to create a compatible look.


The resin tops are also quite poplar because of their perfect finish and are extremely durable. A properly designed resin table top or bar top can last as long as 10 years even while withstanding extensive use. A simple wipe with a good cleansing liquid is sufficient to remove any and all types of marks completely. And since they are well known for their strength, they are almost damage resistant and also virtually maintenance free. The fact that these tops are much easy to clean and are practically stain and scratch resistant also make them a preferred choice for use as table tops and bar tops.


The resin tops are created by mixing the epoxy resin and the hardener in the ratio of 1:1. Since the process is complicated, it requires the skill and experience of a professional to be completed in a perfect manner. Depending on the end use of the resin top, different types of epoxy can be utilized in their creation. Given their versatility and advantages, it is really not surprising that the resin tops are fast replacing the traditional wooden or marble bar tops and table tops in most high class night clubs, restaurants and even hotels.


Royce is a fully diversified international company which was founded in 1929 to manufacture chemicals for textile industry. Today more than 80 years later, they have a resounding presence across the world and offer solution to diverse needs of chemicals to their customers which also include epoxy resin.