The durable, decorative and effective material – EPOXY RESINS

The construction industry is vast and there is need for different types of adhesives and glues to be used for various applications. Epoxy resin is one of the most widely used glue in the construction industry across the world, and its qualities support its popularity fully. Epoxy finds huge application in a number of industries. In fact, you can find epoxy resin used in almost every second thing that surrounds you.

Epoxy or epoxy resin is a chemical compound that is composed of two components, a resin and a hardener, which is also called activator. Chemically, epoxy resin is a productive outcome of the reaction between two different compounds - bisphenol-A and epichlorohydrin's.  The ratio in which the two components are mixed determines the properties of the resin.

They are used to form adhesive bonds that are strong and even unbreakable at times. One of the primary qualities that it has is that it is resistant to heat. This makes it possible for it to be used in places such as the electric industry, where there is need for insulating material which doesn't heat up too much or melt. They are also non-sticky and provide excellent finish as a flooring material. With the addition of materials such as glass or carbon fibers, they gain unmatched strength. Thus, these are considered as a highly adaptive material whose properties can be altered according to need.

The formulation of epoxy adhesives into a serviceable adhesive binding system is a highly specialized technology. Adhesives based on epoxide resins are available as room-temperature-curing two-component liquids, heat-curing,liquids, powders, hot-melt adhesives, films, and tapes. They are used to bond concrete, and to produce industrial seamless thin-set tarrazzo floors. This use has been extended to the laying of roads, construction of buildings, and filling cracks in concrete structures. Laminated epoxy insulations are largely used as sheets, rods, and tubes. Sheets of woven glass, paper, and polyaramid fabric or cotton prepregnated with the B-stage epoxy resins are laminated in large multiple pattern presses.

Epoxy resins are also used for repairing and fixing broken pieces of porcelain, glass, metal, wooden items, leather stuff, clay and ceramic pots. Some of their commercial uses are paints for cars, boats, heavy vehicles and marine equipments, and jewellers uses it for preparing pins, necklace, anklets, bangles, bracelets and earrings. It’s industrial uses includes :
Ultraviolet cured resins are used in dentistry, fibre optics and optoelectronics.
In plastics industry, it is used for laminating, casting and moulding. In electronics industry, it is used in the making of insulators, switchgears and for controlling electricity conduction.

Its composite materials are used in military, advanced technology areas and aerospace. In the civil engineering, this quality adhesive is used over the floors, airport runways, construction sites, waterproofing, painting and coatings.
When it comes to domestic buildings you can eventually get a combination of style and strength in the form of epoxy floors, thus making them a common site in most of the modern day homes. You can eventually save a lot by getting epoxy , considering the fact they need less maintenance as compared to other materials and come at a much affordable price as well.

How to choose the best paints for your homes?

When remodeling your house, you have tons of things to keep in mind. The interiors, the flooring, the final layout and paints besides other things. When it comes to choosing paint for the home, all we commonly tend to consider is the sort of color and texture the paint has. These days there are such innovative patterns available that people get spoilt for choice, choosing abstract designing patterns for planning a masterpiece of a wall for their home.

However, we usually forget that paints are going to stay with us for a very long time and hence, there are other details that need to be considered than simply the colors and textures. Have you ever thought that paints might actually be harmful for you? Sometimes, manufacturers use harsh and cheap chemical reactive diluents in their paints and this might tend to have a very negative impact on the health of people staying in the home!

There are such reactive; polluting gases that the paints tend to exhibit at times that can lead to different health problems such as frequent headaches, breathing disorders, irritation in the eyes and so on. The reason for this is the harmful VOC components of the paints that are prepared cheap.

Doesn't that make it important for you to pay close attention to the details? You wouldn't want your family to suffer at the hands of something as meager as paint! So keep your eyes open to the details printed about the paint on its box. If there are harmful solvent dyes, or anything such as lead used in making your paint, it is the wrong choice! What is more, inquire with paint companies before you choose a box to color your home. Find out if there are any sorts of risks involved with their products and if you find even the slightest problem, look for better options.

It's a wise choice to look for organic paints because they are obviously much safer and healthier for coloring your homes. They shall not only give you a colorful wall, but also a surrounding where you will not have to worry about health hazards.

Researches well before you choose a paint. It's because it's not just a simple box of paint, but something that is going to determine your peaceful existence in your home for years to come. Choose for options that are safe and cost effective. And after that color your homes with panache, without having to worry about the disastrous effects it might have on you!

Various uses of Sodium Nitrite

The nitrite ion, NO2, plays a critical health function by restricting botulism causing bacteria and helps to prevent spoilage.

Also referred to as by other names such as diazotizing salt, sodium salt of nitrous acid, sodium nitrite is a chemical compound that offer benefits in different ways such as it is used in fertilizers, smoke bombs, food preservative, dyes and pyrotechnics, preservative in meats (such as bacon, ham and hot dogs), and more.

Chemically known as NaNO2, sodium salt of nitrous acid looks like small, yellow, off-white crystals, which are soluble in water! Some past studies has shown that diazotizing salt is a strong oxidant, flammable and highly toxic agent.
An antidote for cyanide poisoning, NaNo2 also play a vital role in medical industry, as this chemical substance is used in manufacturing medicines (for both human beings and veterinary) as a as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. The main purpose to use diazotizing salt in medications is that it works effectively to increase the flow of blood by dilating blood vessels and act as a vasodilator.
Further studies and researches is being undertaken in order to investigate the uses of this yellowish substance in heart attacks, treating sickle cell anaemia, pulmonary hypertension in children, and aneurisms of the brain.

NaNo2 is sometimes also known as natural substance as it is found naturally in several leafy vegetables including curly kale, spinach, lettuce, parsley, cauliflower, broccoli, and asparagus. During boiling process, the level of nitrate reaches to its lower level while it does not affect the nitrite levels.
Combination of sodium, nitrite, and oxygen elements, sodium nitrite is also used in injections for variety of purposes. Some of the most common uses of NaNo2 injections are given below:

Cyanide Poisoning:
According to the health conditions, NaNo2 injections are utilized in life cases of cyanide poisoning. This kind of injection is, generally, given through a hypodermic needle which is injected directly in the arm. To use this injection, nurses and health practitioner are provided the special training.

Sickle cell Anemia:
Another health benefit of sodium nitrite is that it offers effective treatment to those who are suffering with acute vaso-occlusive crisis sickle cell anemia. A past study has shown that sodium salt of nitrous acid is a safe medication that can improve the blood flow and provide body tissues with oxygen.

Vat Dyes’ Properties, Classification & Much More

Found amongst the oldest natural coloring substances used for textiles, the vat dyes offer first-rate fastness properties. They are so named because a vat (which means a bucket or a container) is used for the process of dyeing!
Although, other dyeing can also be done in a vat, but the term vat dyes specially describes the class of coloring substances that are applied to cellulosic fiber (fibers come from plants or plant based materials. For example, cotton) using a redox process.

Properties:
Here are some highlights of the common properties of Vat dye:

• Superior color fastness properties, which are exceptional in other dye classes
• Needs vatting for application
• Water insoluble dyes
• A number of colors can be produced
• Rubbing fastness is not good, but is can be easily lessened with special treatments to the fabric
• Especially used for cellulose fiber with PH (measure of hydrogen ion concentration) control.

Classification of Vat Dyes:
Depending upon the properties one popular classification of vat dyeing substances has been developed which is given below:

• The 1N (indanthrene normal)-group of dyeing temperatures of 600C. In such dyeing substances no salt is added to the dye bath because they have high portion of leuco dyes for cotton.
• The 1W (indanthrene Warm) - group of dyeing temperatures of 500C. In such dyeing substances some addition of salt is required so to aid exhaustion.
• The IK- group of dyeing substances requires low concentration of NaOH with dyeing temperature of 200C.

One special type of vat coloring agents is light-oxidized vat dyes that use light rather than oxygen in order to produce wide range of color effects along with color fastness. Elaborately, these coloring agents which are chemically similar to the vat coloring materials developed in light rather than dipping in the oxygen-free bath and exposing into the air. Dye itself attached to the fabric.

Dyeing Process:
Most coloring substances, which require a reducing agent (the element in a reduction-oxidation that transfers electrons to other chemical species such as atoms, molecules, ions etc.) for solubilization, are less suitable than fiber-reactive coloring materials. The coloring agent is soluble in its reduced (oxygen-free) form. The fiber is dipped again and again in this oxygen free dye bath and brings out in the air where the reduced form of water-soluble change the color as the exposing to oxygen turns it into the water-insoluble form.

Did you know that dyes also come in these many types?

We all have had our share of interaction with the term dye. Most of us think that dyes are just colouring substances providing colour to the product died. However, chemically a dye is a coloured substance that has affinity to the substrate on which, it is applied and thus imparts the colour to the substrate.
This article is all about the various forms this chemical compound is available in nature, and what the various industries in which they are used. Well, these chemical compounds are of various types and are classified as –

1. Acidic - these are generally water soluble and are used for fabrics like silk, wool, nylon, and polymeric compounds such as acrylic. The mechanism of action of such dyes is attributed to the anionic part of the compound, which leads to the bond formation with the cationic part in the fiber and thus contributes to the affinity of acid dyes. All the commercially used Synthetic food colorants fall under this category of dyes.
2. Basic – Basic dyes are just the opposite of acidic counterparts & applied mainly to the polymeric acrylic fibres. Acetic acid is also applied to increase the affinity of these chemicals. These are also commonly used in commercial coloration of papers.
3. Vat – water insoluble dyes, which do not have affinity for fibres directly fall under the category of vat dyes. But, commercial manufacturers reduce these chemicals in alkaline liquor, which results in the formation of alkali salts of these dyes. These salts can be used directly to dye textile fibres. The most commonly used vat dye is indigo that imparts blue colour to the denims that we wear commonly.
4. Reactive – unlike the other members, this dye makes use of an additional compound called a chromophore that directly interacts with the substrate and colours the fibre. The formation of covalent bond takes place; this is why such dyes are the most permanent of dyes used commercially. In fact, these are the first choice of dyers dealing with cotton and cellulose fibres.

Apart from these, other types include mordant, disperse, azoic and mordant dyes. There are also particular dyes used to impart darker colour to the cotton fibres. Such compounds fall under sulphur dyes and have been used commercially with a lot of success.
And all the above mentioned information gives you a good idea about the various types of dyes and their benefits that make them so important commercially.

Epoxy resins- A major raw material in the construction industry

The construction industry is vast and there is need for different types of adhesives and glues to be used for various applications. Flooring is a very important aspect of the construction industry and there is need for differently types of raw material to be used in making seamless floors that are finished with perfection.

Adhesives are very important for flooring and it needs to be chosen well, so that the residents of the property don't have to face problems like chipping or cracking of the floor surface later. Epoxy resin is one of the most widely used glue in the construction industry across the world, and its qualities support its popularity fully.

Some of the most important reasons for its success are:

Versatility- Epoxies have been used in the industry since a long time and the reason for the same is the sort of versatility factor that it holds. It has various applications and can be used for different types of floor patterns without worrying about the compatibility with the same.

Strength- Adhesives serve the sole purpose of keeping two surfaces firmly joined together. It has been observed that epoxies are a great form of glue which keeps the surfaces intact and administering formidable bonds that keep intact for years to come.

Easy to use-Though it cannot be classified as a 'feature' of epoxies, the ease with which they can be used is commendable. Usually you have to combine 4 parts of resins with 1 part of hardener and form a ready to use mixture of the glue. On the other hand, it is wise to mix it in small batches if the application is going to be huge.

It gives a good finish to the surface if used as a top coat. This is another great feature, because it makes the surface glossy and clean, and helps to maintain it well in the years to come. It also gives an additive feature of weather and heat proofing to the floor, making for smooth and ultra-chic finish to your property.

You need to choose well so that you find the best quality adhesive for your needs. This way the flooring shall be safe, reliable and strong. It's important that you consider a few options so that you can turn up with the best results in the end. Find what will solve your purpose in the best manner so that you use your resources in the best way.

Find more about epoxy resin and its uses at www.royceintl.com

Application Of Sodium Nitrite In Various Fields

While shopping for most of the foodstuff, we are not even aware of what types of content are there in those things. Rather, we are just concerned about the number of calories, fat, carbohydrates present in them.

There is also an inorganic component present in foods called sodium nitrite (NaNO2). This chemical component is a white to slight yellowish crystalline powder, which contains one sodium atom, one nitrogen atom and two oxygen atoms.

It has a melting point of 281 degrees Celsius, or 537 degrees Fahrenheit, and a boiling point of 320 degrees C, or 608 degrees F. It also self-ignites (combustion which occurs without an external ignition source), if the temperature is raised to 490 degrees Celsius. This is equivalent to 914 degrees Fahrenheit.

Most commonly it is used in food industry, where it acts as a preservative for various food items such as hot dogs, salami, ham and other meats. Purpose behind using it is that it inhibits the growth of bacteria in food, and at the same time maintains the taste of the food.

Mentioned below are some other fields where sodium nitrite is being used:

• Fertilizers: Plants need right amount of nitrogen for their growth. The amount here refers to the quantity, as plants getting excessive or less nitrogen would have a negative effect on their growth & productivity. Thus, sodium nitrite is perfect fertilizer for plants, as it contains nitrogen that helps in the growth of plants, as well as kills the living organisms that are threat to their growth.
• Medical conditions: It also plays an essential role in treating life threatening medical conditions such as heart attacks, pulmonary hypertension in infants, sickle cell anemia, cyanide poisoning, brain aneurysms, and failing or damaging of organs. In addition, it is also used to improve blood circulation in human body.
• Dyes: In today's time, fashion has become an important part of people's life, which has ultimately increased the demand for fashionable clothes. Thus, many of the commercial industries have started using dyes for the clothes. And for that sodium nitrite is often used to prepare dye as it is considered as a good mordant and bleaching agent for linens.
• Other industrial applications: Besides use in dyes, nitrites are also used in rubber manufacturing industry, electrochemical manufacturing processes and as an additive in manufacturing of industrial grease. Moreover, it is also used in drug research laboratories for academic purposes.

To get various chemicals like Sodium Nitrite, Sodium Hydrosulphite, and Epoxy resins log on to www.royceintl.com, the most popular manufacturing chemical industry of USA.